The Digital Edge

Designed to be cross-platform, Google's Eddystone supports the Nearby API and is available on GitHub under Apache 2.0 license.

Anyone interested in creating awareness of who they are, what they are doing, or empowering a device to do the same in a given location now has the ability to advertise to passersby. This has many implications from brand awareness to interacting with a specific device. Most importantly this can happen on the smallest of scales, increasing the chance for adoption and interaction since there is no dependency on a mobile app. Check out the Physical Web Cookbook for many newer ideas.

Google Eddystone supports multiple frame types enabling users to interact in a variety of ways. These frames are designated in the Service Data field associated with the Service UUID by using the high order four bits of the first octet. Github provides all this information in much more depth.

The Proximity Beacon API is a new interface enabling users to manage their beacons via the cloud and use a REST interface. This enables monitoring of the telemetry data previously mentioned as well as reconfiguration of the beacons.

Geolocation is defined as the process of physically locating or the actual location of an object on Earth. In defining contextually aware networks, it is no longer enough to know whether someone is on-net or off-net. Where they are "off network" is important as well and can offer additional insights and opportunities for engagement.

Geolocation primarily leverages a Smartphone's built in Global Positioning System (GPS) and uses the installed application and either Wi-Fi or cellular backhaul to report current location for users that have opted in to this offering. This enables the operator of a contextually aware application to engage with the customer outside the "four walls" of the organization. At this macro scale, location is typically measured in meters however results vary wildly depending on the type of location being deployed.

Assisted GPS uses a secondary system to increase the accuracy of the GPS satellite reporting. In the case of Smartphones the cellular network is responsible for assisting. This enables the phone to download information about the GPS satellites in order to quickly determine its position and provide updates at an interval frequent enough to be useful for engagement purposes. The newest smartphones are able to use both the US Department of Defense GPS system and the Russian GLONASS system to further increase accuracy. These solutions are limited in scope from an engagement perspective as they require clear visibility to the sky, so they tend to not function in large downtown areas. Recent testing has shown that A-GPS offers approximately an 8 meter accuracy range, which is typically accurate enough for any of the geolocation use cases. IT is important to note that accuracy in dense urban centers may still be challenged at times.

One of the most important aspects of constructing a contextually aware network is the concept of geofencing. A geofence is a virtual construct that overlays a logical "fence" on the world map and allows decisions to be made as a device crosses the geofence or is inside or outside that geofence. A virtually unlimited number of geofences can be constructed, but it is important to know when engaging with the customer is meaningful and wanted. Since the geofence is virtual, no equipment is required at any location defined by a geofence.

Let's assume for a moment that you are headed out on a gambling vacation to "The Vegas Hotel" on the south end of the Las Vegas strip and have installed their mobile concierge app. Upon landing at McCarran airport and taking your phone out of airplane mode, it is able to recognize its GPS coordinates via A-GPS and the concierge app wakes up. Once awake, the app prompts you to meet your hotel shuttle outside baggage claim #2. Once you meet your shuttle and arrive at the hotel, you could also cross a geofence. This hotel side geofence lets the hotel know that you have arrived on their property. A property geofence allows for analytics around when customers are on or off property, insights into the shuttle service travel times, etc.

Geoconquesting is the ability to leverage geolocation and fencing to pursue those who are patronizing a competitor's location. This information may be used for direct customer engagement via their installed application or indirectly by providing information that can tailor how future marketing is done to sway the customer's future decisions as to where they spend their money and/or time. Let's assume that the "Vegas Hotel" highlighted above is running a strategic marketing campaign to capture more business on the south end of the strip. Geofences could be established around competitors properties for analytics purposes to help an organization better understand how much time their customers are spending on property versus at a competing site. Typically this can then be used to entice users to come back to their establishment.

Geofencing is a very powerful component of context aware networking, however the engagements need to be used sparingly as there are many users who feel this type of engagement could be an invasion of privacy if they weren't expecting to receive messages. There are many use cases for the back end analytics enabled by geofencing from location enabled work flow automation for a mobile fleet to targeted interactions with customers to predicting whether or a patient might arrive for a doctors appointment or not and early adopters of this technology have a distinct competitive advantage versus those who do not have the same capabilities.

An Intro to the Contextually Aware Networking Blog Series (Published 12/28/2014)

Part I: Building a Contextually Aware Network: Beacons (Published 12/28/2014)

Part II: Building a Contextually Aware Network: Geolocation (Published 1/2/2015)

A contextually aware network is one that is capable of delivering the right messages to the appropriate people based upon user defined preferences and do so at the right time and place. To accomplish this the system must be able to determine what is relevant to the user through opt-ins, installed Smartphone applications, etc. It is important to understand that for now, the Smartphone is a required ingredient of this solution as it is something that is personal to each of us. With time it is inevitable that there will be further integration with wearables that may offer further context and interaction.

You have booked a vacation at a tropical resort with your favorite people and are headed out to the airport. At the prompting of the hotel you have gone ahead and installed their application on your phone, enabling it to be your personal concierge for your trip. Upon arrival in this city your resort's app on your phone wakes up and pops up a message "Welcome to ______, John/Jane Doe. Please meet your shuttle outside the Terminal 1 baggage claim." After a ride to the hotel, you walk in and are prompted by your phone again "Welcome to Hotel _______. Would you like to use our e-check in?" Upon selecting yes, your phone checks you in based on your ID and credit card information on file with the hotel. The app then prompts you "You are in Room 135, can I get you directions?" Selecting yes here will provide you with turn-by-turn directions to your room from your current location. Your phone also notifies you that hotel management has installed smart locks in all of its rooms and the phone can be your room key if so desired. Upon entering your room, the phone is able to ask if everything meets your standards and allows for immediate delivery of anything that is missing or desired. Throughout the stay, your phone is able to notify you of anything you are interested in such as happy hours, shows, gym hours, etc. Down at the swimming pool, you are able to relax knowing that your valuables and cash are locked up in the hotel room safe and that your app can be used for checking out towels and paying for beverages or cabana rentals. Out on the golf course, you and your friends are able to order snacks and beverages from your Smartphones and have it delivered to you on the next tee. The shopping area notifies you of a free appetizer at dinner with a purchase from one of the stores. Upon checkout your receipt and bill summary can be delivered via app and a link to review your stay may be provided to you.

This blog series will explore how the systems supporting this scenario are built at a very high level and shed some light on some of the key components that make a context aware network tick.

An Intro to the Contextually Aware Networking Blog Series (Published 12/28/2014)

Part I: Building a Contextually Aware Network: Beacons (Published 12/28/2014)

Part II: Building a Contextually Aware Network: Geolocation (Published 1/2/2015)